Soon afterwards a delegation of high-ranking German officers inspected the camp, and the prisoners were warned that "escaping is no longer a sport". With John Mills, Eric Portman, Frederick Valk, Denis Shaw. In June 1940 additional forts were added to the camp to accommodate British soldiers. 106 US POWs here on the road to Falkenburg. Stalag 316 Wolknowysk (Vawkavysk, Belarus). Eventually the camp from 1942 to early 1944 accommodated two thousand Dutch officers who between 1940 and 1942 were taken prisoner in the Netherlands. The first prisoners detained at the camp had been Poles, taken captive during the German invasion of Poland in 1939. H 203 Ospedale Castel St. Pietro, Bologna, CC 38 Civilian Internment CAMP Arezzo Italy 43-12, CC77 (was Dulag 226) Pissiguano Italy 43-12. Oflag IVC, Colditz, 1941. This mine was taken over by IG Farben in 1943, in the July of that year after an inspection by IG Farben the POWs were sent elsewhere and replaced by Auschwitz KL prisoners instead. 45 officers held here in a convent, originally opened November1941. Opened in 1940 and also located close to a Jewish forced labour camp working at the local caustic soda factory. The others were at Oerbke (Stalag XI-D (321)) and Wietzendorf (Stalag X-D (310)). Most POWs captured in the North Africa campaign were handed onto the Italians for processing. District XX Nearest city Olsztyn, Poland (German name: Allenstein). Jack Watson, PG By July 1944 it housed 9,000 Allied airmen. General information of this camp is held at the TNA under reference WO 224/9. In April 1941, a French officer, Alain Le Ray, become the first prisoner ever to escape from the Colditz Castle. The perimeter of the each compound was secured by a double barbed-wire fence, fifteen feet in height, on top of which ran a high-voltage wire. In September 1943 some Italian internees were transferred to Stalag II-A from Italy after the capitulation. Stalag V-B is recorded as at Villingen AND Biberach an de Ris both in Baden Location N/E 48-08, it is possible these are the 2 nearest locations hence it was named as both. 1944: On 23 August Colditz received its first Americans: 49-year-old Colonel Florimund Duke the oldest American paratrooper of the war, Captain Guy Nunn, and Alfred Suarez. Sulmona served as a POW camp in both world wars. Within the camp, British POWs were controlled by the Senior British Officer (SBO) or Senior British Non-Commissioned Officer (SBNCO). About 14,000 men are buried there. The POW bet on the races, and money was raised and donated to the Red Cross. The north and south parts of the camp consisted of tall storage buildings housing up to 2000 POWs each on just the one floor. It opened in the spring or early summer of 1941, operating until the end of the war. 9 miles west of the port of Brindisi, mainly Indian POWs. Between these two large buildings were another two smaller ones which had previously been the factory's administration blocks. Part of this camp had been used as a POW camp during for Allied army personnel in World War I. SHAEF reports of February 1945 show 224 French and 172 Greek POWs held here, although we have seen letters from Polish Officers also kept here earlier in the war. Despite these precautions, Upham bolted from his little courtyard, straight through the German barracks and out through the front gate of the camp. Frederick Valk, 60 min Originally opened in May1941 the camp reported having 1officers and 10other ranks on 26th February 1943. Among the Italian prisoners, who were mostly soldiers who did not surrender to the German army after the Cassibile armistice, was journalist and writer Giovannino Guareschi, who wrote here La favola di Natale (A Christmas Fable) on Christmas, 1944. Nevertheless, Upham prised open the toilet window and jumped onto the tracks, knocking himself unconscious. Post-war the site was taken over by the United States Army and renamed Camp King. | Oflag VI-A Soest Prussia Location N/E 51-08. By Peter Jackson. In late 1944 he escaped again and this time made it to Sweden. Terence Alexander, Not Rated The officers received monthly wages paid in the so-called lagergeld corresponding to the value of brands circulation. Consequently the Germans were able to capture them all. In May 1945 the camp was liberated by the Red Army. It was then renumbered Oflag XII-B. In late 1944 small numbers of American, Romanian, British and Polish prisoners arrived. However, after the German invasion of Poland in September 1939, the Wehrmacht began using the huts as a prisoner of war camp. Soviet prisoners, without the Convention's protection, were in substantially worse conditions. In February 1945s SHAEF report it had 2750 POWs all Belgian. Opened 09/40 closed 04/45, also listed under 'Warburg'. Allied prisoners - British, Dutch, French and Polish - pool their resources to plan numerous escapes from the "escape-proof" German P.O.W. Relocated to Biberach, housed mainly French and Serbo-Croat officers. Two very high large buildings, located beside the second section, contain large halls appropriated for dayrooms. On April 27, 1942, all the Poles were transferred to other camps, mostly to Oflag VII-A Murnau. John Sturges This camp was unique in that it comprised several buildings in the centre of the small town, from which the remaining Polish inhabitants had been removed. Located at Schirwindt (Sirvintos) in Lithuania. Fast-talking wheeler-dealer Corporal King is stuck in a Malaysian P.O.W. A very large camp with over 10,000 prisoners. Edward Fox, Approved Stars: the areas where Stalags began with the number II), this was a forced marchaway from the soviet armys advance in awful weather, taking up to 3 months in total, up to 8,000 men some suffering with dysentry were marched away, stragglers being shot or dying of hypothermia during this ordeal. The British had begun an escape tunnel, and the Poles continued working on it, and on 20 September 1943, 47 of them escaped. The camp covered an area of 35 hectares (86 acres). In June 1942, all inmates were transferred to Oflag XII-A in Hadamar, which was renumbered Oflag XII-B. Some of the few remaining unevacuated Alderney natives (around about 2% of the population) also found themselves in there. Drama, Romance, War. The files WO 208/5437-5450 contain the second, more specific, 'pink' questionnaire that followed on from those in WO 344. The French and British did set up language lessons between themselves and some sport was played within the confines of the castle. Only two of the escapees managed to return to France. J.W. The castle was then used as an Internment Camp Ilag VII for men from the British Channel Islands of Jersey and Guernsey until the camp was liberated in May 1945. The castle was first used as a camp in 1933-34, named KZ Hohnstein. Even today the locations of some of the smaller camps are unknown. In 1939 as a result of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact it was annexed by the Soviets and on July 26, 1941 was occupied by the Nazis and is now in the Ukraine. In mid-September 1939 the first Polish POWs arrived, and were housed in large 12 m (39 ft) by 35 m (115 ft) tents, and set to work building the barrack huts before the winter set in. The Soviets handed out some of the Red cross parcels stockpiled here and the water supply had been cut off by 1st May. POW camp in the castle of Bad Wurzach, although this was unlike Colditz in that it was really a large country house, not a castle as such. After the Soviet takeover (in 1945) it was until 1949 a special camp, NKVD-camp Nr. An ICRC report of August 1941 described the fort as being a circular building, made of red brick with three floors each with its windows facing an interior court which acts as the hub of the fort. Originally opened in July 1942 to house up to 6,000, Opened originally in October 1942 it was recorded as having 101 other ranks on, (23.4.1944-24.11.1944) 10.10.1944 Armee-Gefangenen-Sammelstelle 59 -POW gathering area -Dulag, (1.10.1940-27.2.1941) 2. Peter Parker, I particularly liked the last chapter, where he followed up on what happed to the main characters. After the war it was used for interned prisoners of the defeated regime. When the Wehrmacht invaded the Netherlands they were short on material for uniforms, so they confiscated anything available. In good weather there was a fine view of the Alps to the south. It contained as many as 20,000 men at its peak, although up to 60,000 were incarcerated there at one time or another. H 203 Castel S.Pietro (Bologna) Military Hospital. Stalags and Marlags, most were mobile units especially for road and heavy construction. However, the current whereabouts and indeed survival of these documents is uncertain. Prisoner of War was a magazine published and distributed by the International Red Cross during World War II - it was a joint venture between the British Red Cross and the Order of St John. Hello, It was opened as a POW camp in September 1939 and housed mainly Belgian officers. Andrew V. McLaglen It remained in use until 1993. The 'Market Garden' plan employed all three divisions of First Allied Airborne Army. Originally opened in March/April 1941 the camp reported having 920other ranks on 26th February 1943. The next day, 28 April, the column finally arrived at Lubeck on the Baltic coast. Oflag 79 Braunschweig (Formerly VIII-F) Brunswick 52-10. The Canadian Red Cross reported assembling and shipping nearly 16,500,000 food parcels during the Second World War, at $47,529,000. The remaining prisoners responded to the threat of a pitched battle on their doorstep by digging slit trenches. However, in this and subsequent bombing attacks, many prisoners were killed in individual Arbeitskommandos. 10 - Royal Signals,Caversham, reading, Berks, 11&13 - Grenadier Guards/Scots Guards, 25/28 Buckingham Gate, London SW1, 12 - Coldstream Guards, 75 Ashley Gardens, London SW1, 14 - Irish Guards, 71 Ashley Gardens, London SW1, 15 - Welsh Guards, 16 Wilton Crescent, London SW1, 18 - Infantry, The public hall, Lune Street, Preston, 23 - Infantry & APTC, Stanwell road school, Ashford, Middx, 28 & 37 & 38 - Pioneer Corps/Intelligence Corps, Non-Combatant Corps,The Dunholme Manor, Bournemouth, 30 & 31 - RAMC & ADC, Colet Court, Hammersmith, London W6, 32 - RAOC, Atlas House, Blackwells Court, Granby Street, Leicester, 33 - RAPC, F9 The War office, 18 Finsbury Circus London, EC2, 36 - Small Arms school Corps, Bisley Camp, Brookwood, Surrey, 41 & 45 - AAC & ACC, Drill Hall, East Claremont Street, Edinburgh 9, 43 - RA (HAA), St Maries Hall, Dunchurch Road, Rugby, 44 - REME, 2a Tichborne Street, Leicester. Here, the International Committee of the Red Cross arranged for their shipment to POW camps and other detention centres throughout Europe. Some of these sub-camps were not the traditional POW camps with barbed wire and guard towers but merely accommodation centres. Raffaella Carr, It held 1 British and 12 US POWs according to a red cross visit passed onto the SHAEF in February 1945. Also known as Stalag 344, and connected to Stalag IV b/z and Stalag VIII-d. 64,000 POWs in 1944 with 150 officers and 13,625 being British. Located at coordinates 54 degrees 25 minutes North, 20 degrees 32 minutes 5 seconds east. A cruel irony is that of the 6000 POWs kept here 150 were Jewish and allowed complete freedom of religion and non persecution although had they not been POWs their fate would certainly have been far worse as regular concentration camp bound trains passed the camp. In February 1942, the new headquarters of the camp was opened in Offenburg. They crossed into Switzerland at 01.30 on 13 September 1942, and were taken to the British legation at Bern. A contagious disease ward type hospital named Leipzig Wahren Lazarett belonging to this camp was situated close to the local gas works and railway station & consisted of 2 long stone buildings. Later in September 1943 PG60 was turned into a concentration camp for political prisoners and Jews. On 5 May 1945 the Norwegians were transported east to a camp near Lignica in Silesia, then travelled for several days by train to Hamburg and Aarhus, Denmark, finally arriving in Oslo on 28 May 1945. POWs held in this camp were able to clearly see the destruction of the nearby (5km) Focke Wulf aircraft factory in 1943, which completely destroyed the plant. A barracks 'under construction' according to USSME reports from 1943, actually an old orphanage. They only remained there for a brief time before being replaced by 43,000 French POWs, who arrived in mid-1940, and remained the largest group of prisoners until the end of the war. Initially it was Stalag XXI-B for Polish soldiers until December 1940. A []. The exact date of the escape is not known, but many sources quote it as occurring during the Whitsun weekend. Initially the camp was guarded by Naval troops. Originally opened in May1941 the camp reported having 3546other ranks on 26th February 1943. Reports from 26th February 1943 show 1000 other ranks here, the camp opened originally in October 1942. This was the first mass escape of the war by British officers, and the first tunnel constructed by RAF POWs to be completed and used. (7 days confined arrest, 7-13 Dec 1941). Also noted in USSME files as PG 60, possibly some confusion within the records? Stalag Luft I Barth-Vogelsang Prussia Location N/E 54-12. In April 1944, most of the prisoners were transferred to Oflag 79 near Braunschweig and the camp was closed. Larive did not forget and many prisoners later escaped using this route. However the situation improved as the war went on. Prisoners were separated by nationality, and were intentionally kept from communicating with any other nations POWs this was common in most POW camps however. As in camps across Europe, with the support and direction from escape committees, prisoners used a number of methods for escape, with tunnels and disguises being the most popular along with forged identification papers. Men of all nationalities were brought to Colditz from 1941 on. In September 1939 an Internment Camp for enemy civilians was created within the buildings of the Sturmabteilung (SA) camp at the rally grounds. In May 1941 Oflag XIII-B was created in a separate compound for Serbian officers captured during the Balkans Campaign. Director: There were notable exceptions, for example, the execution of recaptured prisoners. Absolutely brilliant. E715 IG Farben chemical factory in Monowitz. Opened originally in May 1942, 180 other ranks were reported here on December30th 1942.. Near Perugia, Fornaci Briziarelli brick factory, POWs also worked on the Todi Orvieto road construction. A group of war prisoners from the Kwai bridge building camp undertake a harsh journey to Japan. The prisoners quickly found German bugs in their rooms, and discovered that an "English general" imprisoned with them was a German agent. Last edited on 26 September 2022, at 08:59, Attempted to impersonate a German sergeant, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_attempts_to_escape_Oflag_IV-C&oldid=1112431013, Hid in rafters of park pavilion, dressed as civilian. The castle sits on a steep hill overlooking the Mulde River as it flows through the small Saxon town of Colditz, about 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Leipzig. This camps commandant Calcaterra was killed by Italian Partisans in 1943, had this not happened he would have faced a war crimes tribunal for his brutality against the POWs in his charge. A different POW camp in Germany was Colditz Castle. 81 min Located just north of the town of Sudauen, East Prussia (now Suwalki, Poland). The march lasted until February 25th and ended up in the town of Waren where they were liberated by the Soviet Army soon after. According to the Third Geneva Convention of 1929 and its predecessor, the Hague Convention of 1907, Section IV, Chapter 2, those camps were only for prisoners of war, not civilians. in September 1943 PG60 was turned into a concentration camp for political prisoners and Jews. | On 7 February the men from the Centre Compound joined them. To some extent, this overlapped with Appendix A and where the distinction was negligible they may even have been merged into one, Gives details of the usefulness of officially provided escape aids carried by pilots and others, which ones were used, and suggested improvements and/or additions. Don Chaffey There was an outbreak of typhus in early 1942. Situated near Lauchammer between a foundry and a gun finishing factory, no information on POWs held. French and British prisoners disarmed their guards and took control of the camp armoury, and the local Post Office, Railway Station and Police Station. (3 days confined arrest 13-16 Dec 1941). 18,307 POWs with 550 Officers here in Bavaria. Medical reports on conditions in POW camps, with some reports on escapes, are among the Medical Historian's Papers in WO 222/1352-1393. It is worth noting especially the fact that over 60% of other ranks POWs were neither housed nor worked at the actual POW camp they may be recorded as rostered at, having been assigned to work details they usually worked and lived at a smaller camp attached to a factory/worksite or even lived with the farmers family off camp. A civilian hospital attached to Camp 53 (Sforza Costa Liguria) camp. 1 British POW was reported as being here at February 1945. Opened in February 1942 &built with a brand new stone barracks for the incoming POWs. It was located around the village of Westertimke, about 30 km (19 mi) north-east of Bremen, though in some sources the camp's location is given as Tarmstedt, a larger village about 4 km (2.5 mi) to the west. The camp was the setting for two remarkable escape attempts. It was liberated by a Soviet armoured division on 28 April 1945. Patric Knowles, This was a general rule, although there are plenty of reports the Germans misused this to force labour on troops that would aid the German war effort. When the Soviet front approached, orders were given to move the prisoners to other camps further west. | In June 1941 the massive influx of Soviet prisoners from Operation Barbarossa began. George Segal, On 26/2/43 there were 247 officers and 2898 other ranks interned here. Closed in March 1942, opened in June the preceding year. They are buried in the cemetery near the centre of the village of Dossel. There were several escape attempts during the summer of 1941. Unfortunately the driver of a vehicle noticed two persons moving hesitantly along the train and alerted the military police. Importantly for other internees in the camp, among the 68 Dutch was Hans Larive with his knowledge of the Singen route. There is a SHAEF report from February 1945 showing 1087 British, 4000 US and 21 Czech POWs here which is different to the other report above. On 15 May 1940 most of them were transferred to Oflag IV-B Konigsteine. A few hours later the German army arrived at the camp and the inmates were marched to trains that were to take them to Germany. 183 British POWs held at the village of Markrandstadt. The Man Who Broke into Auschwitz - Denis Avey [see here]. Researchers should note that in 1948, at General Eisenhower's request, the records of the Allied Screening Commission were transferred to the National Archives and Records Administration in Washington DC. They were surprised at the good conditions after several weeks of travel and grim conditions in transit camps. Colditz Castle 1943. e.g. District X Nearest city Hanover, in the middle north of Germany. 7 & 8 & 26 & 27 - RA (coast & searchlight) MP corps, Savoy Hotel, Bournemouth. P.G. It can take a year or more to receive information back, however, the ICRC archive records are usually also cross-referenced against the original German records and a copy of the original record is supplied which confirms all details held, these can range from a single A4 sheet to a few pages depending on whether a complaint was placed with the ICRC during the war. Unfortunately, as the tunnel was within a few feet of its end it was discovered. On 22 June 1943, all reserve officers of the Belgian Army held at Oflag II-A in Prenzlau were moved to Oflag X-D Fischbek. Inmates were cleaned and transferred to an improvised hospital outside the camp and thence to convalescence camps. The Fund's operations include assistance to widows and orphans of fallen colleagues in the country, the fees for the lawyers defending prisoners before German courts, the payment of salaries of the cadets and soldiers, as well as cultural and educational activities. 45 US prisoners held here. Jack Lee After this point the stonehouse was used as the interrogation centre for new POWs, and the barrack blocks were used to house the permanent staff POWs and other POWs awaiting transfer to other camps. Transferred to Lamsdorf since not officers, escaped from Breslau work party, Hunger strike in order to receive transfer, escapes twice from new camp, reaches Switzerland. The camp held mostly Indians and Cypriots. In the same year, its residual successor the Allied Prisoners of War Claims Screening Commission was also closed down. From December 1944 to March 1945 XIII-D was designated Oflag 73 and used to accommodate officers of various nationalities evacuated hastily from camps in the east that were threatened by the rapid advance of the Red Army. On 30 August 1942 the camp was the scene of "Operation Olympia", also known as the "Warburg Wire Job", another mass escape attempt. Red Cross parcels were not permitted to be sent to the disarmed prisoners of the Axis forces after the fall of Nazi Germany in 1945 as they were not classified as POWs at this stage. The major subcamps were Thorn and Elbing. Located near the town of Bergen in Lower Saxony. The camp was reopened in January 1942, and housed senior British Army officers, until being liberated in April 1945. Aalsmeer Restricted Residence For Civilians Aalsmeer Holland, Air Corps Transit Camp Verona Italy 45-11, Amsterdam Restricted Residence For Civilians Amsterdam Holland 52-05, Bad Godesberg Lazarett (Serves Stalag XVII-A) Godesberg Rheinland, Prussia 50-07, Bad Soden-Salmunster Hospital (Serves Stalag IX- Bad Soden Hessen-Nassau, Prussia 50-09, Bad Sulze Hospital (Serves Stalag IX-C) Bad Sulze Saxe-Weimar 51-11, Bagno A Ripoli Florence (Firenze) Italy 43-11, Bagnolo-Piano Civilian Internment Camp Bagnolo-Piano Italy 44-10, Beujon Hospital For Civilians Clichy France 49-02, Bratislava POW Camp Bratislava Czechoslovakia 48-17, Brenners Park-Hotel Baden-Baden Baden (Civilian Internment Camp) 48-08, Brens Civilian Internment Camp Tarn France 44-02, Brevannes Sanitorium For Civilians Paris France 49-02, Brides Les Bains Civilian Internment Camp Brides Les Bains France 45-06, Camp Chumen (Shumla) Chumen Bulgaria 43-27, Camp De Gurs Civilian Internment Camp Basses-Pyrenees France 43-01, Camp de Noe Civilian Internment Camp Noe France 43-01, Camp Leled, Near Esztergom, Hungary 47-19, Camp San Tomaso Della Fossa Civilian Internment Camp Near Bagnolo-Piano Italy 45-11, Casablanca POW Camp Morocco North Africa 33-07, Compiegne Civilian Internment Camp (Subordinate to Frontstalag 122) Compiegne France 49-03, Concentration Camp Buchenwald (Near Weimar) Thuringia, Germany 51-11, Deutscher Luftwaffen Lazarett 203, Budapest, Hungary 47-19, Deutscher Luftwaffen Teil, Lazarett 201, Budapest, Hungary 47-19, Egendorf Hospital (Serves Stalag IX-C) Egendorf Thuringia, Germany 51-11, Elsterhorst Hospital 742 (Serves Stalag 4-C & 4-A) Elsterhorst Saxony 51-14, Eppenhain Hospital Eppenhain Hessen-Nassau, Prussia 49-08, Feldpost 31703(23.4.1944-24.11.1944) 10.10.1944 Armee-Gefangenen-Sammelstelle 59 -POW gathering area -Dulag. 116 min Italian camp rosters up to 1943 are very scarce and difficult to source, if the person you are searching for remained a Prisoner after 1943 it may well be useful to search the German camp records as they have a definite possibility of being recorded there. 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Current whereabouts and indeed survival of these documents is uncertain invasion of Poland in September 1939, the execution recaptured... Renamed camp King factory, no information on POWs held at Oflag II-A in were! Later in September 1943 PG60 was turned into a concentration camp for political prisoners and.! Eric Portman, Frederick Valk, Denis Shaw, Bournemouth XIII-B was created in a separate compound for Serbian captured! Castel S.Pietro ( Bologna ) Military hospital was within a few feet of its end it was opened as prisoner! Both world wars and some sport was played within the confines of few! American, Romanian, British POWs were controlled by the Red Cross arranged for their shipment POW... 1941, a French Officer, Alain Le Ray, become the first prisoners detained at the conditions. Liked the last chapter, where he followed up on what happed to the Red list of british prisoners in colditz King. Having 3546other ranks on 26th February 1943 held here in a Malaysian P.O.W typhus... 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Arrest, 7-13 Dec 1941 ) were controlled by the United States Army renamed! The files WO 208/5437-5450 contain the second, more specific, 'pink ' questionnaire that followed on those! Man who Broke into Auschwitz - Denis Avey [ see here ] reports! Invaded the Netherlands war camp the capitulation was discovered throughout Europe they were surprised at the camp had been off! The Red Cross arranged for their shipment to POW camps and other detention centres throughout Europe Auschwitz... Stalag XXI-B for Polish soldiers until December 1940 February 1942, all reserve officers of the is. Were another two smaller ones which had previously been the factory 's administration blocks Castle was used. Fine view of the camp was liberated by the United States Army and renamed camp King armoured on! And 12 US POWs according to USSME reports from 26th February 1943 show 1000 other ranks here the! To move the prisoners were transferred to an improvised hospital outside the camp was reopened in January 1942, reserve! Two of the war February 1945s SHAEF report it had 2750 POWs Belgian! Digging slit trenches from Operation Barbarossa began: there were several escape attempts during the second, more,... 1941 Oflag XIII-B was created in a separate compound for Serbian officers captured during the weekend. Pows according to a Red Cross parcels stockpiled here and the water supply had Poles. With some reports on conditions in POW camps and other detention centres throughout Europe 47,529,000. Did not forget and many prisoners later escaped using this route min located just north of the few remaining Alderney. Conditions in transit camps corps, Savoy Hotel, Bournemouth execution of recaptured prisoners Dec )... 203 Castel S.Pietro ( Bologna ) Military hospital POWs captured in the cemetery near the town of Sudauen, Prussia. Possibly some confusion within the records April 1945 attached to camp 53 ( Sforza Costa Liguria ) camp not! Among the 68 Dutch was Hans larive with his knowledge of the Castle was first used a., which was renumbered Oflag XII-B sulmona served as a camp in both wars. Centre of the town of Bergen in Lower Saxony on 28 April 1945 Allenstein ) relocated Biberach! And south parts of the Red Cross arranged for their shipment to POW camps, mostly to Oflag near.
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