When intermediate members (such as balusters or additional rails) are used, they shall not be more than 19 inches (48 cm) apart. Toeboards shall be solid or with openings not over one inch (2.5 cm) in the greatest dimension. How can one prevent supported scaffolding from tipping? [29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(a)], Each platform must be planked and decked as fully as possible with the space between the platform and uprights not more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide. When a guardrail system is used, the guardrail height must be increased in height equal to the height of the stilts. What are some of the requirements for manually operated suspension scaffold hoists? [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)], To ensure adequate protection, install guardrails along all open sides and ends before releasing the scaffold for use by employees, other than the erection and dismantling crews. What are the requirements for work on platforms cluttered with debris? Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(ii)], Counterweights must be secured by mechanical means to the outrigger beams. Crossbracing is acceptable in place of a midrail when the crossing point of two braces is between 20 inches (0.5 m) and 30 inches (0.8 m) above the work platform or as a toprail when the crossing point of two braces is between 38 inches (0.97 m) and 48 inches (1.3 m) above the work platform. Vertically - every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less for scaffolds less than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide; every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less for scaffolds more than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. WebDetermines that each scaffold and scaffold component shall be capable of supporting, without failure, its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or 724-452-8300. Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be modified in order to intermix them unless a competent person determines the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. Are guardrails required on all open sides of scaffolding? What are the clearance distance between scaffolds and power lines? Either the manufacturers' recommendation or the following placements must be used for guys, ties, and braces: Supported scaffolds' poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights must bear on base plates and mud sills, or other adequate firm foundation. Manually operated hoists shall require a positive crank force to descend. Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be intermixed unless the components fit together without force and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained by the user. Fall arrest systems should protect these employees. above the scaffold supporting level. Single tiebacks installed at an angle are prohibited. Each stairway must be at least 18 inches between stair rails. What are the requirements for access to scaffolds? COF employees receive annual training WebEach scaffold and scaffold component must support without failure its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. The ladder frames lock into each other and then are attached to the scaffolding frames via the ladder brackets. Scaffolds shall not be moved horizontally while employees are on them, unless they have been designed by a registered professional engineer specifically for such movement or, for mobile scaffolds, where the provisions of 1926.452(w) are followed. Devices whose sole function is to provide emergency escape and rescue shall not be used as working platforms. Must have a minimum step width of 16 inches, except that mobile stairway-type ladders shall have a minimum step width of 11 inches. What exactly is sufficient clear space? Sound anchorages include structural members, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. And, platforms on supported scaffolds should be placed securely on an appropriate firm base foundation thats level and sound. The ends of all rails shall not overhang the terminal posts except when such overhang does not constitute a projection hazard to employees. The training must include fall hazards, falling object hazards, electrical hazards, proper use of the scaffold, and handling of materials. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(6)], Gears and brakes must be enclosed. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Worker Deaths by Falls: A Summary of Surveillance Findings and Investigative Case Reports, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. Ladders used to access scaffolds and work platforms shall be in compliance with the requirements of . Ropes shall be inspected for defects by a competent person prior to each workshift and after every occurrence which could affect a rope's integrity. Stair-rails and handrails must be designed and constructed to prevent punctures, lacerations, snagged clothing, and projection. The manufacturer must approve any alterations to the stilts. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(iii)], Counterweights used for suspended scaffolds must be made of materials that can not be easily dislocated. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)], To protect employees from falling hand tools, debris, and other small objects, install toeboards, screens, guardrail systems, debris nets, catch platforms, canopy structures, or barricades. Tables showing maximum permissible spans, rated load capacity, and nominal thickness are in 29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(b) & (c) of the standard. Provide scaffold platforms more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access with at least one of the following means of access: Portable, hook-on, or attachable ladder Stairway-type ladder Ladder stand Stair tower (scaffold stairway or tower) Ramp Walkway Integral prefabricated scaffold access High Quality Steel [, When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on single-point or two-point adjustable scaffolds, the scaffold must have additional independent support lines equal in number and strength to the suspension lines and have automatic locking devices. this Section and Section 24.B. [29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(b) & (c)]. In these situations, only the planking that the employer establishes is necessary to provide safe working conditions is required. Flowable material, such as sand or water, cannot be used. Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. Unstable objects shall not be used to support scaffolds or platform units. Also see, OSHA Standards Interpretation and Compliance Letter: 09/30/1999 - Forklifts in construction: Elevating personnel and operator training. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(13)], Each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. When canopies are used on suspension scaffolds for falling object protection, the scaffold shall be equipped with additional independent support lines equal in number to the number of points supported, and equivalent in strength to the strength of the suspension ropes. Steps and rungs of ladders and stairways must line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. When do supported scaffolds need to be restrained from tipping? Give Us a Call. If such access is not possible, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers, stairway-type ladders, ramps, walkways, or built-in ladders must be used, under the following regulations: Portable, Hook-on, and Attachable Ladders. Wind screens shall not be used unless the scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed. [, All suspension scaffolds must be tied or otherwise secured to prevent them from swaying, as determined by a competent person. The second part is sufficient clearance. This paragraph applies to scaffold access for all employees. "Access." Note to paragraph (b)(2)(i): Pursuant to an administrative stay effective November 29, 1996 and published in the Federal Register on November 25, 1996, the requirement in paragraph (b)(2)(i) that roof bracket scaffolds be at least 12 inches wide is stayed until November 25, 1997 or until rulemaking reguarding the minimum width of roof bracket scaffolds has been completed, whichever is later. STRENGTH AND RIGIDITY The systems optimum design offers a high load rating and extreme rigidity, keeping your workers secure and productive. Any of these independent modules or units should form a base. Counterweights shall be secured by mechanical means to the outrigger beams to prevent accidental displacement. When midrails are used, they shall be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. What are the requirements for scaffold planking? What are the capacity requirements for all scaffolds? A canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact forces of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees below. Fall protection. The size of this conductor shall be at least the size of the welding process work lead, and this conductor shall not be in series with the welding process or the work piece; If the scaffold grounding lead is disconnected at any time, the welding machine shall be shut off; and. Footings shall be level, sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement. [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)]. Suspension scaffold support devices such as cornice hooks, roof hooks, roof irons, parapet clamps, or similar devices shall be: Made of steel, wrought iron, or materials of equivalent strength; Secured against movement by tiebacks installed at right angles to the face of the building or structure, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be installed and secured to a structurally sound point of anchorage on the building or structure. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall bear on base plates and mud sills or other adequate firm foundation. Some of the requirements for all types of suspension scaffolds include: Counterweights used to balance adjustable suspension scaffolds must be able to resist at least four times the tipping moment imposed by the scaffold operating at either the rated load of the hoist, or one-and-a-half (minimum) times the tipping moment imposed by the scaffold operating at the stall load of the hoist, whichever is greater. Scaffolds shall be designed by a qualified person and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(14) and 29 CFR 1926.451(f)(15)], Employers must provide access when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Counterweights shall not be removed from an outrigger beam until the scaffold is disassembled. The top-rail of each stair-rail must also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. NOTE: As of January 1, 1998, subpart M of this part provides that body belts are not acceptable as part of a personal fall arrest system. Work on or from scaffolds is prohibited during storms or high winds unless a competent person has determined that it is safe for employees to be on the scaffold and those employees are protected by a personal fall arrest system or wind screens. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(17)], Welding can be done from suspended scaffolds when, No materials or devices may be used to increase the working height on a suspension scaffold. When midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, or equivalent structural members are used, they shall be installed between the top edge of the guardrail system and the scaffold platform. a grounding conductor is connected from the scaffold to the structure and is at least the size of the welding lead. Employees shall be prohibited from working on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery material except as necessary for removal of such materials. The maximum distance from the face for outrigger scaffolds shall be 3 inches (8 cm); The maximum distance from the face for plastering and lathing operations shall be 18 inches (46 cm). Makeshift devices, such as but not limited to boxes and barrels, shall not be used on top of scaffold platforms to increase the working level height of employees. Must not be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches, unless each employee uses. WebWhen scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold If a ladder is used for access, it must be securely linked to the scaffold and rise at least 3 feet above the platform. SCAFFOLDING IN NEW ZEALAND KEY POINTS: Duty holders have responsibilities under the Health and Safety at Work Act the tail line is guided, retained, or both, so that it does not become grounded. Must have a minimum rung length of 11 inches, and a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. Cross braces on tubular welded frame scaffolds shall not be used as a means of access or egress. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(8)], The standard does require specific clearance distances. Must have a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. Scaffolds must be equipped with proper access and may include dual access as necessary. Must have rest platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals on all supported scaffolds more than 35 feet high. When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the scaffold shall be equipped with additional independent support lines and automatic locking devices capable of stopping the fall of the scaffold in the event one or both of the suspension ropes fail. Unstable objects shall not be used as working platforms. [, When scaffold platforms are more than 24 inches (61 cm) above or below a point of access, ladders, ramps, walkways, or similar surfaces must be used. What are the footing and foundation requirements for supported scaffolds? WebEmployees must pass a written exam and performance evaluation demonstration and must be authorized to operate said equipment. Excess suspension wire rope and any additional independent lines from grounding shall be insulated; The suspension wire rope shall be covered with insulating material extending at least 4 feet (1.2 m) above the hoist. In addition to meeting the requirements of 1926.502(d), personal fall arrest systems used on scaffolds shall be attached by lanyard to a vertical lifeline, horizontal lifeline, or scaffold structural member. Are there requirements for suspension ropes? 5.3.11 Scaffolding fittings (couplers) shall be lifted and lowered in a safe manner using Gin Wheel, Rope and Canvas bucket, throwing of scaffolding tubes & fittings to the work area shall not be permitted. insulated protective covers cover the hoist. 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